Keywords
paradigm
anthropological paradigm
existential-humanistic paradigm
structuralism
paradigm shift
How to Cite
Abstract
Background. The development of legal psychology in the second half of the twentieth century is characterized by the phenomenon of paradigm shift, in particular, the transition from traditional anthropological and clinical paradigms and psychological directions of behaviorism and cognitivism to existential-humanistic and socio-contextual stages, the formation of which took place in conditions of interdisciplinary and interparadigm influence. Accordingly, it is necessary to determine the background’s prerequisites for the formation of new paradigms in legal psychology, in particular, general scientific trends for the emergence and development of the existential-humanistic direction.
Objective. To establish the nature of the influence of French structuralist anthropological concepts on the development of the existential-humanistic paradigm in legal psychology.
Methods. The study used systemic, structural-functional, and comparative methods that helped to characterize the relationship between the elements of structuralism and the existential-humanistic paradigm in legal psychology.
Results. Three stages in the development of structuralism have been identified in the context of its psychological implementation. The influence of anthropologism on the system of structuralist knowledge and on the formation of the existential-humanistic paradigm of the psychology of law has been examined. Furthermore, the concepts of existentialism and structuralism are compared within a legal-psychological context. The work systematizes the ideas of Viktor Frankl, who is the founder and one of the most influential theorists of existential humanism in the psychology of law. The paper explores the characteristics of the emergence of the anti-psychiatric movement and its legal-psychological foundations.
Conclusions. The characteristics of anthropologism in other branches of legal psychology have been systematized, among which the orientation toward social determinism has been identified as the most evident. It has been demonstrated that the dominance of structuralism in the 1950s-1980s, as well as ideas that contradicted the concepts of existentialism, contributed to accelerating the paradigm shift in legal psychology and the transition to social contextualism at the beginning of the 21st century. The influence of structuralists on the emergence of the anti-psychiatry movement in the mid-1960s, within the context of the ideas of psychological humanism and philosophical existentialism, is identified.
Keywords: legal psychology, paradigm, anthropological paradigm, existential-humanistic paradigm, structuralism, paradigm shift.
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