Анотація
Управління Верховного комісара ООН у справах біженців у 2017 році повідомило про безпрецедентну кількість 65,6 мільйонів осіб, які були переміщені по всьому світу внаслідок збройних конфліктів. Однак на сьогодні мало що відомо про стан психічного здоров’я цих людей. Тому ми провели систематичний огляд поширеності психічних розладів серед вимушено переміщеного населення в умовах збройних конфліктів.
Ми переглянули дослідження щодо рівня поширеності поширених психологічних і психічних розладів — розладів настрою та тривоги, психотичних розладів, розладів особистості, зловживання психоактивними речовинами та суїцидальності — серед дорослих внутрішньо переміщених осіб (ВПО) та біженців, які постраждали від збройних конфліктів. Найбільшу поширеність спостерігали для посттравматичного стресового розладу (3–88%), депресії (5–80%) і тривожних розладів (1–81%) із великою варіацією. Лише 12 оригінальних статей повідомляли про інші психічні розлади.
Ці результати показують суттєвий брак даних щодо ширшого ступеня психічних розладів серед людей, які живуть у ситуаціях тривалого переміщення. Потрібні амбіційні програми оцінки для підтримки впровадження сталої глобальної політики психічного здоров’я в країнах, охоплених війною. Нарешті, існує нагальна потреба у широкомасштабних втручаннях, спрямованих на лікування психічних розладів у біженців та внутрішньо переміщених осіб після переміщення.
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