Keywords
anthropological paradigm
clinical paradigm
paradigm shift
particularization
legal behavior
How to Cite
Abstract
Background. In the context of the process of paradigmatic development of legal psychology, the most significant place from the point of view of theoretical and methodological influence on the formation of the field was occupied by anthropological and clinical paradigms. The very process of legal and psychological development originates as a result of the particularization of anthropology and clinicism. Thus, there is a scientific need to determine the factors of a given historical process.
Objective. To determine the reasons for the particularization of anthropological and clinical paradigms in legal psychology, which includes the systematization of historical factors influencing the paradigmatic development of legal psychology and the differentiation of the features of the specified paradigms.
Methods. With the help of the structural-functional method, the elements of the phenomenon of the scientific paradigm and the characteristic components of legal-psychological paradigms were singled out. Comparative and systemic methods were used to determine the prerequisites for the formation, genesis, and process of particularization of clinical and anthropological paradigms in the psychology of law.
Results. The process of particularization characterizes the formation of anthropological and clinical paradigms in legal psychology as constituent elements of its development. The separation of anthropology from clinicism is thus also a component of the process of particularization. In the field of legal psychology, the peak of the development of clinicism falls on the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century and is based on the teachings of Cesare Lombroso and Wilhelm Wundt, whose concepts are later adapted to social, cultural, and anthropological issues, which will lead to the first paradigm shift in legal psychology.
Conclusions. The nature of the interaction between clinicism and anthropology in the genesis of legal and psychological knowledge is determined. It is substantiated that the reason for the particularization of anthropological and clinical paradigms in legal psychology was the influence of social and behavioral sciences on the nature of legal and psychological research. The synthetic nature of the development of the first two paradigms in the psychology of law and their distinctive features are characterized. It was determined that the main factor in the particularization of clinical and anthropological paradigms in legal psychology and imitation of one another is a change in the approach to the interpretation of human legal behavior, in particular to the elements that determine it: from internal to external.
Keywords: legal psychology, anthropological paradigm, clinical paradigm, paradigm shift, particularization, legal behavior.
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