Keywords
sense of life
goals in life
process of life
effectiveness of life
locus of control – I
locus of control – life
How to Cite
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of comprehension of the life of the elderly residents of rural areas (villagers). Residents of the rural area is a special socio-demographic group, which has its own age, socio-psychological features and social values, which are determined by the level of socio-economic and cultural development of a specific society. We characterized the social and age characteristics of older villagers. The scientific approaches to the problem of the meaning of life, its meaningfulness in old age are considered. Scientists emphasize that it is important for an older person to analyze and evaluate his life, and to preserve the meaning of life at the moment.
The total number of participants took part in the study was 184 elderly people. The age of the participants was from 55 to 78 years. The average age of the subjects was 66.53 years. We used the test of meaningfulness orientation by Dmitriy Leontiev. Also we collected the information about some social features of elderly villagers through interviews.
It is empirically confirmed that the elderly villagers lack the ability to comprehend their own lives and understand its meaning. Most of them have problems understanding the nature and orientation of their lives, which are largely due to changes in it. Old villagers are often dissatisfied with their today’s way of life and do not believe in their own ability to influence it; they live in their past. They are not always able to notice goals in the future, which make their lives meaningful and purposeful. Old villagers consider their life to be insufficiently interesting, emotionally rich and full of meaning. Many of them are not fully satisfied with the results of their past life. A minority of those who are relatively satisfied with the results of previous life have been identified. They perceive themselves as very strong personalities, who have a freedom of choice to build their lives in accordance with their own purposes and ideas about its meaning. Women have more faith in the possibility of such freedom compared to men. Old villagers are aware of the limited ability to control their lives and understand the influence of various factors on decision making and their implementation.
Using the Student’s t-test it was confirmed that, firstly the level of meaningfulness of life in the elderly men and women who live in rural areas is not significantly different, although women perceive it emotionally more intense and have more plans for the future than men; secondly the lives of elderly villagers are less meaningful than the elderly inhabitants of cities.
It has been established that the elderly villagers are most keen to change their way of life, living conditions. They also want to work, improve their financial position, solve problems with their relatives, etc.
References
2. Губерладзе І. Г. Порівняльний аналіз соціально-психологічних особливостей сільської та міської спільнот / І. Г. Губерладзе // Психологічні науки : проблеми і здобутки : зб. / Київ. міжнар. ун-т, Ін-т соц. та політичної психології НАПН України. – К. : КиМУ. – 2011. – Вип. 2. – С. 41-55.
3. Коваленко О. Г. Міжособистісне спілкування осіб похилого віку : психологічні аспекти : монографія / О. Г. Коваленко. – К. : Інститут обдарованої дитини, 2015. – 456 с.
4. Краснова О. В. Идентичность в позднем возрасте: нарративный подход / О. В. Краснова // Современная социальная психология : теоретические подходы и прикладные исследования. – 2012. – № 4. – С. 46-53.
5. Населення України. Соціально-демографічні проблеми українського села : монографія. – К. : Ін-т демографії та соціальних досліджень НАН України, 2007. – 468 с.
6. Смульсон М. Л. Готовність до саморозвитку як психологічна умова успішності особистості / М. Л. Смульсон // Успішність особистості: потенціал та обмеження : тези доповідей Міжнар. наук.-практич. конференції (К., 18.03.2010 р.) / за ред. : М. Л. Смульсон, Л. М. Зінченко. – К. : Вид-во НПУ ім. М. П. Драгоманова, 2010. – С. 228-230.
7. Чудновский В. Э. Становление личности и проблема смысла жизни: избранные труды / В. Э. Чудновский. – М. : Изд-во Московского психолого-социального института ; Воронеж : Изд-во НПО «МОДЭК», 2006. – 768 с.
8. Шамионов Р. М. Базовые убеждения и культурные установки как предикторы эмоционального и психологического благополучия горожан и сельчан / Р. М. Шамионов // Социальная психология и общество. – 2015. – Т. 6, № 4. – С. 109-122.
9. Patrick J. H. Gender, Emotional Support, and Well-Being Among Rural Elderly [Електронний ресурс] / J. H. Patrick, L. E. Cottrell, K. A. Barnes // Sex Roles. – July 2001. – Volume 45, issue 1-2. – p. 15-29. // Режим доступу до джерела : https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1013056116857.
References (Transliteration):
1. Gavrilova N. V. Psihologicheskie osobennosti zhitelej sela : analiz i praktika issledovaniya [Elektronnij resurs] / N. V. Gavrilova, ZH. B. Esmurzaeva // Koncept. – 2012. – № 10, oktyabr’. – S. 1-8. // Rezhym dostupu do dzherela : https://cyberleninka.ru/article/v/psihologicheskie-osobennosti-zhiteley-sela-analiz-i-praktika-issledovaniya.
2. Huberladze I. H. Porivnialnyi analiz sotsialno-psykholohichnykh osoblyvostei silskoi ta miskoi spilnot / I. H. Huberladze // Psykholohichni nauky : problemy i zdobutky : zb. / Kyiv. mizhnar. un-t, In-t sots. ta politychnoi psykholohii NAPN Ukrainy. – K. : KyMU. – 2011. – Vyp. 2. – S. 41-55.
3. Kovalenko O. H. Mizhosobystisne spilkuvannia osib pokhyloho viku : psykholohichni aspekty : monohrafiia / O. H. Kovalenko. – K. : Instytut obdarovanoi dytyny, 2015. – 456 s.
4. Krasnova O. V. Identichnost' v pozdnem vozraste: narrativnyj podhod / O. V. Krasnova // Sovremennaya social'naya psihologiya : teoreticheskie podhody i prikladnye issledovaniya. – 2012. – № 4. – S. 46-53.
5. Naselennia Ukrainy. Sotsialno-demohrafichni problemy ukrainskoho sela : monohrafiia. – K. : In-t demohrafii ta sotsialnykh doslidzhen NAN Ukrainy, 2007. – 468 s.
6. Smulson M. L. Hotovnist do samorozvytku yak psykholohichna umova uspishnosti osobystosti / M. L. Smulson // Uspishnist osobystosti: potentsial ta obmezhennia : tezy dopovidei Mizhnar. nauk.-praktych. konferentsii (K., 18.03.2010 r.) / za red. M. L. Smulson, L. M. Zinchenko. – K. : Vyd-vo NPU im. M. P. Drahomanova, 2010. – S. 228-230.
7. Chudnovskij V. Eh. Stanovlenie lichnosti i problema smysla zhizni: izbrannye trudy / V. Eh. Chudnovskij. – M. : Izd-vo Moskovskogo psihologo-social'nogo instituta ; Voronezh : Izd-vo NPO «MODEHK», 2006. – 768 s.
8. Shamionov R. M. Bazovye ubezhdeniya i kul'turnye ustanovki kak prediktory ehmocional'nogo i psihologicheskogo blagopoluchiya gorozhan i sel'chan / R. M. Shamionov // Social'naya psihologiya i obshchestvo. – 2015. – T. 6, № 4. – S. 109-122.
9. Patrick J. H. Gender, Emotional Support, and Well-Being Among Rural Elderly [Електронний ресурс] / J. H. Patrick, L. E. Cottrell, K. A. Barnes // Sex Roles. – July 2001. – Volume 45, issue 1-2. – p. 15-29. // Режим доступу до джерела : https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1013056116857.
Copyright Notice
Articles in the Psychological Journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License International CC-BY that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. For more detailed information, please, fallow the link - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/