Abstract
All people during all life have the need for communications, both on physiological and psychological levels. Without communications with society, a person is not able to be formed, developed and does not exist. New information, impressions, emotions is not only received by a person but also should be adequately transferred to others. The problem of investigators’ competence, meeting by them of the highest requirements for their professional woks at the pre-trial investigational bodies is important. So, investigators must have communicative competence. An investigator’s communicative competence is discussed in the national and foreign literature; however, besides of an ability to use knowledge, skills and abilities, he/she must be ready to implement them. Therefore, we considered an investigator’s communicative readiness in the light of his/her leading abilities and qualities, as well as certain skills that he/she must possess.
Since the employee during working hours is in society, he/she must have the following capabilities: to establish interpersonal contacts; to listen to and to hear other people; to communicate constantly; to avoid discussing of controversial issues; to choose and implement adequate ways of communication; to control the conversation process; to treat an interlocutor with respect; to manage and organize other people; to make acquaintances and communicate easily with new people; to express one’s opinion clearly and to understand others quickly; to use the psychological aspects of verbal and nonverbal communications; to overcome psychological barriers in communication; to determine an interlocutor’s attitudes to him/her on the basis of gestures, facial expressions, postures, etc.; to know the features of mental cognitive processes (memory, thinking, attention, imagination, perception, sensation, etc.); to use knowledge on temperament, accentuation; to determine an interlocutor’s temperament during psychological contact; to determine an interlocutor’s states and mood and to build his/her own line of behaviour based on such determination; to speak clearly in public, etc.
The necessary qualities are: sociability; in-touch capabilities; simplicity; diplomacy; tactful behaviour; agreeableness, etc.
An investigator’s communicative readiness is supported by the following skills and ablities: to check a witness's credibility (Ukraine Criminal Rule 96); to receive indirect evidence (Ukraine Criminal Rule 97); to conduct an interrogation (Ukraine Criminal Rule 224); to establish quickly a psychological contact with an interlocutor; to master communicative techniques; to control the conversation process; to keep an eye contact with an interlocutor for a long time; to find an individual approach in communication taking into account an interlocutor’s individual psychological features (abilities, temperament, character, orientation); to expose false testimonies, to reveal the truth and lies in the answers, to establish the truth; to use suddenness during interrogation by asking unexpected questions; to overcome, neutralize an interlocutor’s motives for false testimonies; to establish a psychological contact during interrogation, supporting further communicative connections; to gain an interlocutor’s emotional trust to the investigator, an interlocutor’s desire to testify; to demonstrate awareness of the life of the interrogated, their inclinations, connections, previous crimes, behaviour before and after a crimes; to contribute to the impression that “he/she knows everything”; to determine an interlocutor’s attitudes based on gestures, facial expressions, postures, etc.; to “adjust” to the line of conversation to an interlocutor; to have initiative in choosing of a communicative topic, a conversation rhythm, etc.; to pay attention to an interlocutor’s reservations, etc.
We propose to consider an investigator’s communicative readiness in the light of his/her leading abilities and qualities, as well as certain skills. Under such conditions, an investigator will perform his/her professional duties at the highest professional level and this will contribute to the effective work of the pre-trial investigational bodies and their proper execution of criminal proceedings.
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