Keywords
paradigm
anthropological paradigm
clinical paradigm
paradigm shift
psychoanalysis
legal behavior
How to Cite
Abstract
Background. Taking into account the interdisciplinary nature of legal psychology and the fact that its research subject belongs to the problems of human mental activity, the development of legal psychology must be considered in the context of its influence took from various psychological paradigms. Since the role of behaviorism and cognitivism in legal psychology has a defined and systematized character due to the author’s work of Herbert Simon, John Watson, and Albert Bandura, there is a need to actualize the role of psychoanalysis in the psychology of law as another influential psychological direction.
Objective. To find out the influence of psychoanalytic concepts on the process of paradigmatic theoretical and methodological development of legal psychology according to the theory of the history of science by Thomas Samuel Kuhn.
Methods. To determine the influence of psychoanalytic theory on various legal-psychological paradigms article uses systemic, structural-functional, and comparative methods, which were needed to process and systematize the scientific work of researchers of legal psychology and representatives of psychoanalysis.
Results. The regularities of the development of scientific paradigms in psychology and legal psychology are characterized, in particular, by the outlined determinants of the formation of psychoanalysis and anthropological and clinical legal-psychological paradigms. The article systematize the concepts of psychoanalysis in the ideas of Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, and Erich Fromm, considered examples of the implementation of their ideas at three stages of the development of legal psychology, determined the nature of the influence of psychoanalysis on the formation of paradigms of legal psychology.
Conclusions. Three stages of legal psychology development are structured, representing the varying impacts of psychoanalysis on legal and psychological evolution. This text compares the development trends of psychoanalysis and legal psychology at the beginning of the 20th century. It highlights the similarities between the emergence of the clinical paradigm in legal psychology and the evolution of psychoanalytic theory as a psychological approach that became distinct from clinical practice. The stage of rethinking and transformation of psychoanalysis in the middle of the 20th century and its temporary disintegration with trends in the development of legal psychology are analyzed. Erich Fromm’s teachings are systematized in the context of his influence on existential-humanistic and socio-contextual legal-psychological paradigms.
Keywords: legal psychology, paradigm, anthropological paradigm, clinical paradigm, paradigm shift, psychoanalysis, legal behavior.
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