PSYCHOSOCIAL PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN ADOLESCENT, YOUTH AND ADULT AGE

The article presents the results of the comparison of the variability of the psychosocial development of the personality in the adolescent, youth and adult age. At the first stage of the empirical study, the types of development in adolescence and youth age. Personality (motivation, value orientations, focus, communicative features), subject (autonomy, self-regulation, locus of control), as well as social and behavioural (distinctive features of social functioning) characteristics were used as typing criteria. The types of the psychosocial development of adolescents and youths are interpreted as constructive, nonconstructive and destructive models of coming of age. At the second stage of the study the theoretical generalization of the types of personality existing in psychology and strategies of personality functioning during the period of adult age. The analysis is based on the theories of A. Adler, K. Horney, D. Marsh, E. Desci and R. Rayen, E. Fromm et al. The types of the psychosocial development of adolescents and youths was compared with variants (types, patterns) of the development in adulthood. The dynamics and continuity of the types of the psychosocial development and strategies for functioning adolescents, youths and adults were determined. It was revealed that the main features of continuity can be found along the lines of constructive or nonconstructive development, focus on oneself or other people, self-sufficiency or dependence on the milieu and circumstances. The process of typing of the psychosocial development is the result of the integration of traits of the personality and the way it functions (behaves), which is inherent to it. The factors of that process were identified: regulation by the personality of his/her behavior and activities and his/her position in the system of relationships. The type of the psychosocial development is a complex structural and functional unity. The crystallization of that type from the adolescent age to adulthood is a targeted and logical process associated with the emergence of the self-concept, the ability to self-determination and selfPSYCHOSOCIAL PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN ADOLESCENT, YOUTH AND ADULT AGE Dr. in Psychology, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Psychology, department of psychology, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev (Ukraine) ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1541-6079 UDC: 159.922.8 +[159.922.27-053.6]


Introduction.
The way to handle the problem of individualization of the personality development is the identification of the general, the typical and the individual, as well as the individually psychological and the socio-typical in that development. It is therefore relevant to research the substance and continuity of variably typological forms of the personality development during the main periods of that development, i.e. during childhood, adolescence and adulthood.
In the previous publications, the results of an empirical study of the types of the psychosocial development in adolescent (a sample of 455 schoolboys of 12 to 16 years of age) (Shamne, 2015) and youths (a sample of 430 students of 20 to 23 years of age) (Shamne, 2017) were presented.

Discussion.
The substance of the constructive development in the adolescent and youth age is represent-

Content of constructive development in adolescent and youth age
Factor's name Basic components of the factor and their weight Weight Autonomously self -sufficient (adolescents) Self-sympathy (   need for self-affirmation and social activity in youth age (Table 3).
The substance of the destructive development is represented by the «frustrated/crisisstricken» type in the adolescent age (the 16.54% variability) and the «disintegrated» one in youth (9.681%). The factor weight of the destructive type in youth is significantly lower, which indirectly bears witness to an increase in the stabilization tendencies of development and the end of the critical juvenile period (Table 4). Table 3 Content of non-constructive development in adolescent and youth age (2) Factor's name Basic components of the factor and their weight Weight  Table 4 Content of destructive development in adolescent and youth age The «disintegrated» type is an enhanced version of the «frustrated/crisis-stricken» type.
Both are similar to each other by the following criteria: dissatisfaction with oneself (low selfappraisal, negative attitude to oneself); the «negative identity» syndrome ( During the second stage of the study, we systematized the known types of development in adulthood and compared them with the preliminary empirical results (Table 5). As shown by the  (Adler, 1993), narcissistic (Fromm, 1990), aggressive (K. Horney, 1995), autonomous (Deci, Ryan, 2004;Loevinger, 1976) type with the selfish orientation (Yegorycheva, 1999;Tytarenko, 2000) and the dominant life strategy (Kharlamenkova, 2007). This is a personality, which is oriented only to himself or herself and his or her own goals and which is characterized by fixation on dominance over others, aspiration for superiority and rivalry, high assertiveness, selfishness, and the desire to make use of other people.